A pilonidal cyst is a pocket of skin debris, hair and other tissue. They are usually located on the lower back, near the crease of the buttocks. If the cyst becomes infected, it is called a pilonidal abscess.
Pilonidal cysts are more common in teenagers and young adults. Boys are more likely to have them than girls.
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What are the signs and symptoms of pilonidal cysts?
Common symptoms include:
- Pain or tenderness around the cyst
- Swelling and redness
- A skin opening that drains pus or blood
- Hair coming out of the cyst
What causes pilonidal cysts?
A pilonidal cyst is usually caused by ingrown hairs that become infected. The immune system responds by forming a cyst around the “foreign object.”
Factors that increase the risk of developing pilonidal cysts include:
- A family history of pilonidal cysts
- Spending a lot of time sitting
- Having a lot of body hair
- Wearing tight clothing against the tailbone area
- Being overweight
How are pilonidal cysts treated?
If the cyst is not infected, it may not need treatment. If the cyst becomes infected or keeps coming back, treatment may include both non-surgical or surgical options. Doctors at Connecticut Children’s can determine the right plan if your child requires treatment for a pilonidal cyst.
- Your child’s doctor may drain the abscess through a small incision.
- Antibiotic medicines may be used if the cyst is infected.
- If the cyst comes back after other treatment, your child may need surgery to remove the cyst.