Ovarian cysts are small sacs filled with fluid or blood that grow on or in an ovary. The ovaries are part of the female reproductive system. Ovarian cysts can grow on one or both ovaries. They are common in girls and women of all ages.
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What are the signs and symptoms of ovarian cysts?
In many cases, these cysts do not have any symptoms and they go away on their own with no problems.
If larger cysts develop, they may cause:
- Pelvic pain
- Bloating or a feeling of fullness in the lower stomach area
- Irregular periods
If a cyst bursts, it is an emergency and can cause the following symptoms:
- Nausea and vomiting
- Severe pelvic pain
- Passing out
In rare cases, cysts can also cause ovarian torsion, twisting the ovary. This is also an emergency and causes the same type of symptoms as a burst cyst.
What causes ovarian cysts?
Most ovarian cysts develop due to changing levels of hormones in the menstrual cycle.
How are ovarian cysts treated?
Many ovarian cysts go away on their own and do not need any treatment. Or the doctor may choose to monitor the cyst over time. If your child’s cysts do need treatment, your doctor may discuss surgical or non-surgical options.
- Hormonal medicine, such as birth control pills, can help prevent more cysts from growing
- The cyst may be drained if it is very large to prevent ovarian torsion.
- If a cyst is especially large or does not go away, it may need to be removed by surgery.
- Emergency surgery may be needed if the cyst has burst or has caused ovarian torsion.
Doctors at Connecticut Children’s can determine the right plan if your child requires treatment for ovarian cysts.