Biliary atresia is the blockage of bile ducts that prevents proper drainage of bile out of the liver. Bile is used in the body to help digest fats and carry waste from the liver to the intestines. Bile normally travels from the liver to the gallbladder through tubes called bile ducts. When these ducts are blocked, bile builds up in the liver causing liver damage and scarring.
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What are the signs and symptoms of biliary atresia?
Babies with biliary atresia typically appear healthy at birth but develop symptoms around 2 to 8 weeks old. Most of the time, the first sign of biliary atresia is jaundice – yellowing of the skin and eyes.
Other symptoms of biliary atresia include:
- Dark-colored urine
- Light-colored stools
- Abdominal swelling
- Weight loss
Please note there are other conditions with symptoms similar to biliary atresia. Several tests may be needed to properly diagnose biliary atresia. This can include blood tests, imaging tests, a liver biopsy or diagnostic surgery. It’s important to see your child’s doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment.
What causes biliary atresia?
Experts don’t know exactly what causes biliary atresia. It is thought that biliary atresia can develop during pregnancy or shortly after birth. Research is currently being conducted to further understand the possible causes.
How is biliary atresia treated?
A surgery called the Kasai procedure is used to treat biliary atresia. In this procedure, the surgeon connects a portion of the intestine to the liver, allowing bile to properly drain. Although the Kasai procedure can allow the child to live a healthy life for several years, most children will eventually need a liver transplant.
The multidisciplinary team at Connecticut Children’s has extensive experience treating biliary atresia and will discuss the best treatment approach with your family.