Idiopathic scoliosis is a type of scoliosis. Scoliosis is a condition where the spine twists and/or curves to the side. “Idiopathic” means there is no definite cause.

There are three types of idiopathic scoliosis:

INFANTILE

Diagnosed between birth and 3 years. Infantile scoliosis accounts for fewer than 1% of all pediatric cases. This is a type of early-onset scoliosis. Early-onset scoliosis is diagnosed prior to age 9 and includes infantile and juvenile scoliosis.

JUVENILE

Diagnosed between 3 and 9 years old. Juvenile scoliosis accounts for 12-20% of all pediatric cases. This is a type of early-onset scoliosis. Early-onset scoliosis is diagnosed prior to age 9 and includes infantile and juvenile scoliosis.

ADOLESCENT

Diagnosed between 10 and 18 years old. Adolescent scoliosis accounts for approximately 80% of all pediatric cases of idiopathic scoliosis.

Idiopathic scoliosis is the most common type of scoliosis. It is often mild with no treatment necessary.

 

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What are the signs and symptoms of idiopathic scoliosis?

  • Uneven shoulders
  • One shoulder blade that protrudes more than the other
  • Ribs more prominent on one side
  • Uneven waistline
  • Difference in hip height

What causes idiopathic scoliosis?

The cause of idiopathic scoliosis is unknown.

How is idiopathic scoliosis diagnosed?

  • Physical exam
  • X-rays
  • Additional imaging if needed
    • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
    • Computed tomography (CT) scan

Idiopathic scoliosis is often discovered during pediatric checkups or school screenings. If a pediatrician or school nurse suspects a child has scoliosis, they may recommend an evaluation by a pediatric orthopedist or spine specialist for an official diagnosis.

How is idiopathic scoliosis treated?

Treatment for idiopathic scoliosis depends on the extent of your child’s condition. In most cases, idiopathic scoliosis is mild and requires no treatment aside from simple observation.

Moderate to severe scoliosis may require further treatment. In cases of moderate scoliosis, a child can be treated with a brace. This can correct the curve or prevent it from getting worse. Children with severe scoliosis may require surgery.

Connecticut Children’s is experienced in the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. Doctors at Connecticut Children’s continue to research idiopathic scoliosis and its treatments. We have published extensively on this topic.